Alternative Binder for Ground Improvement to Reduce Co2 Footprint-PPT Presentation

PPT Presentation

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The SMS2a railway project in Moss, Norway, required dry soil mixing (DSM) to stabilize quick clay and support construction. Initial plans called for 25,000 tonnes of standard cement-based binder at 90 kg/m³.<br /><br />Because cement production generates substantial CO₂ emissions, the project investigated Multicem, a blend of Portland cement and cement kiln dust (CKD), as a lower-carbon alternative. A test field compared different binder types and dosages. Tests showed a marked increase in shear strength between 40 and 60 kg/m³, but little additional gain between 60 and 90 kg/m³. Laboratory testing by the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute also confirmed strong results, with measured shear strengths of 640–925 kPa after 28 days, exceeding the required 200 kPa.<br /><br />Based on these findings, the project approved Multicem at 40 kg/m³ for DSM columns. The final design reduced binder use from 25,000 to 11,000 tonnes and cut projected CO₂ emissions from approximately 15,000 to 4,000 tonnes—savings of about 11,000 tonnes of CO₂. Earlier comparisons also indicated that replacing standard cement with Multicem could substantially reduce emissions.<br /><br />The project demonstrates that field trials and evaluation of alternative binders can reduce both material use and environmental impact on large infrastructure projects. It also found that FKPS and FOPS testing methods may be inadequate for measuring the strength of highly reinforced DSM columns.

Keywords

SMS2a railway project

Moss Norway

dry soil mixing

quick clay stabilization

Multicem binder

Portland cement

cement kiln dust

shear strength testing

CO2 emissions reduction

DSM columns