Diving Underground - through a Hologram - to Better Understand Foundation Risk-Paper

Paper

Pdf Summary

The paper argues that incomplete knowledge of underground conditions is a major source of foundation risk. Limited investigations, variable ground conditions, and misinterpretation or poor communication of data can lead to unsuitable designs, construction problems, delays, cost increases, and safety concerns. Relying on conservative designs to compensate for limited exploration often transfers risk to construction rather than reducing it.<br /><br />The authors propose augmented reality (AR) as a way to make subsurface information and uncertainty easier to understand. Unlike conventional reports, logs, and 2D drawings, a shared 3D holographic model places investigation data in its actual spatial relationship to the ground and proposed structures. Users can explore the model together, discuss what is known and unknown, and compare design options.<br /><br />A bridge project in Rice, Minnesota, demonstrated the approach. Its model displayed data from standard penetration tests, seismic cone penetration tests, and electrical resistivity surveys alongside proposed foundations. Presented to transportation professionals using a HoloLens and mixed-reality software, the model helped participants grasp the locations and density of measurements, their relationship to the bridge, and the gaps in site knowledge. Participants saw potential applications for communicating ground conditions, construction sequencing, utilities, and proposed designs.<br /><br />The paper also advocates project-specific investigations and broader use of advanced methods such as geophysics, cone penetration testing, and measurement while drilling. These techniques can improve the quality and coverage of subsurface data, but their value depends on presenting and communicating the information effectively.<br /><br />The authors conclude that collaborative AR can help project teams and stakeholders better perceive, discuss, and manage geotechnical uncertainty. By improving shared understanding early, it may support better-tailored investigations, more efficient designs, and more informed decisions throughout project delivery.

Keywords

geotechnical uncertainty

foundation risk

subsurface investigation

augmented reality

holographic model

mixed reality

bridge project

site characterization

ground conditions

construction risk