Summary of the Main Standards and Guidelines on Grouting Available in North America and Europe-PDF

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Pdf Summary

The Deep Foundations Institute’s International Grouting Committee prepared this 2021 guide to compare major grouting standards and guidelines used in North America and Europe. It summarizes requirements and practices for soil grouting, rock grouting, jet grouting, compaction grouting, and grout-mix testing. It is a reference for engineers developing project-specific requirements, not a comprehensive standard or substitute for competent engineering judgment.<br /><br />The guide compares documents from organizations including CEN, USACE, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, CIRIA, AFTES, ASCE, and national transportation agencies. Across the grouting methods, it reviews site investigation and design, materials, equipment, execution, monitoring, quality control, documentation, and health, safety, and environmental considerations. It highlights that responsibility for treatment design and methods depends on whether specifications are prescriptive, method-based, or performance-based.<br /><br />For rock grouting, the guide emphasizes selecting grout mixes and injection pressures based on site conditions and observed borehole data, rather than relying mechanically on rules of thumb. It also discusses approaches such as maximum-refusal-pressure criteria and the Grouting Intensity Number (GIN) method. For jet and compaction grouting, it compares differing levels of detail in design guidance, testing, construction controls, and acceptance criteria. The grout-testing section lists standards for measuring properties such as density, bleeding, viscosity, cohesion, setting time, strength, and permeability.<br /><br />Overall, the publication identifies both shared practices and regional differences, helping project teams compare guidance and make informed, site-specific decisions. It notes that some source documents are copyrighted and that the guide does not cover every possible application.

Keywords

grouting standards

soil grouting

rock grouting

jet grouting

compaction grouting

grout mix testing

North America

Europe

quality control

engineering guidance