A New Geomaterial for Roads Based on Mining Waste For Sustainability and Resiliency

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Abstract: Mining operations produce substantial waste, often referred to as tailings, which are traditionally viewed as unusable by-products. However, innovative strategies in the construction industry are exploring the reuse of these materials, promoting sustainability and reducing environmental impact. This research investigates the potential of granite mining residue as a component in granular road materials, specifically in large-grained crushed aggregate (ABGE) or tout-venant. By incorporating varying proportions of waste (0%, 25%, 50%, 100%) and analyzing different particle sizes (> 0.063 mm, > 0.400 mm), this study aims to provide a sustainable alternative for traditional construction materials.

Chemical, physical, and mechanical analyses were conducted to evaluate the properties of the mixtures and pure materials. The results classified the mixtures as silty or poorly graded sands, falling under the AASHTO classifications A-1-b and A-2-4. Among the mixtures, MW25% (0.063)— containing 25% mining waste with a particle size of > 0.063 mm— emerged as the most promising candidate for sub-base applications. This mixture met Atterberg limits and granulometric criteria for sub-bases, exhibited optimal performance in oedometric testing, and surpassed the required California Bearing Ratio (CBR) threshold of 20%. Mixtures with higher fines content also demonstrated reduced permeability, making them suitable for landfill bodies, regularization, and berm filling layers.

By identifying practical applications for mining waste in road construction, this research supports the principles of the circular economy, offering a pathway to repurpose industrial by-products while conserving natural resources. The findings highlight MW25% (0.063) as a viable granular sub-base material, contributing to sustainable infrastructure development and aligning with goals for economic and environmental balance. This approach demonstrates how innovative material reuse can drive resiliency and sustainability in the construction industry, fostering a more sustainable future.

Ms. Maria Vitoria Morais; Mr. Leonardo Marchiori

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